American Linden
Tilia americana · Deciduous Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Malvaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree / Ornamental
Variety / Cultivar
Not specific (standard species)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 3-8
About This Tree
A medium to large deciduous tree with a stately, oval-to-rounded crown and dense foliage. Known for its fragrant clusters of small yellow flowers.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, alternate, broadly ovate, and heart-shaped (cordate) with asymmetrical bases. Large in size (4-8 inches), with sharply serrated margins and dark green color turning yellow in fall.
Bark Characteristics
Smooth and silver-gray when young, becoming deeply furrowed with long, flat-topped ridges on older trees.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Central and Eastern North America
Growing Season
Flowering occurs in June to July; leaves emerge in spring and drop in late autumn with yellow coloration.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun to partial shade; prefers moist, well-drained, fertile soils but is somewhat drought-tolerant once established.
Mature Size
Height: 60-80 feet; Spread: 30-60 feet; Moderate growth rate; Lifespan of 100-150 years.
Special Characteristics
Excellent shade producer; highly fragrant flowers used for tea and honey production (Basswood honey); soft light wood valued for woodcarving.
Wildlife & Ecology
Critical for pollinators like bees and butterflies; provides nesting sites for birds and small mammals; nutlets provide food for squirrels and chipmunks.