Rain Tree
Samanea saman · Broadleaf, Deciduous to Semi-Evergreen, Hardwood
Plant Family
Fabaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree, Ornamental, Tropical
Variety / Cultivar
None specified (wild type species)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 10-12; sensitive to frost and cold temperatures below 10°C (50°F).
About This Tree
A massive, wide-spreading tree with a characteristic umbrella-shaped canopy. It is known for its symmetrical crown and horizontal branching. It has a moderate to fast growth rate and is iconic for its leaves folding at night or during rainfall.
Leaf Characteristics
Bipinnately compound leaves, 25-40 cm long; leaflets are asymmetric, diamond-shaped, and dark green. They exhibit nyctinasty (folding closed at night or in shade).
Bark Characteristics
Grey to brown, rough, and deeply fissured on older specimens; often supports epiphytes like ferns and orchids.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to Central and South America; widely naturalized in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands
Growing Season
Main foliage growth in wet season; briefly deciduous during dry seasons; flowers typically emerge in late spring to summer
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full Sun; moderate to high water needs; prefers moist, well-drained soils but is drought tolerant once established.
Mature Size
Height of 15-25 meters with a canopy spread often reaching 30-40 meters; very thick trunk diameter.
Special Characteristics
Produces 'monkey pod' seed pods with sweet pulp; nitrogen-fixing capabilities; excellent for carbon sequestration and large-scale shade.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides significant nesting sites for tropical birds; flowers attract bees and butterflies; seed pods are consumed by livestock and wild mammals.