White Oak
Quercus alba · Deciduous hardwood
Plant Family
Fagaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree, Forest Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Species type (no specific cultivar identified from bark alone)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 3 through 9
About This Tree
Large, majestic deciduous shade tree with a broad, rounded crown, sturdy branching, and strong wood, featuring deeply furrowed light gray bark and valuable ecological properties.
Leaf Characteristics
Alternate, simple leaves with 7 to 9 rounded lobes, deeply cut sinuses, smooth margins, 4 to 7 inches long, turning rich red to purplish-brown in autumn.
Bark Characteristics
Light gray to whitish, divided into shallow, vertical furrows and scaly blocks or ridges, becoming more deeply ridged and rugged with age.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Eastern and central North America
Growing Season
Spring leaf-out, flowering in spring, acorn production in autumn, winter dormancy
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun preferred, moderate watering needs once established, exhibits good drought tolerance.
Mature Size
80 to 100 feet tall with an equal or greater spread; slow to moderate growth rate; long lifespan exceeding several centuries.
Special Characteristics
High timber value used for furniture and shipbuilding, excellent durability, high rot resistance, and attractive fall foliage.
Wildlife & Ecology
Supports numerous species of caterpillars, birds, and mammals; produces acorns that are a vital food source for jays, turkeys, squirrels, deer, and bears.