Quaking Aspen
Populus tremuloides · Deciduous, Broadleaf, Hardwood
Plant Family
Salicaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree, Forest Tree, Ornamental
Variety / Cultivar
None specified; likely the straight species with mature, furrowed bark at the base
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 1 to 7; highly cold-tolerant but does not thrive in heat/humidity of the deep South.
About This Tree
A medium-sized deciduous tree known for a slender, straight trunk and a narrow, rounded crown. While famous for smooth white bark, the lower trunk of older specimens becomes deeply furrowed and dark. It is characterized by 'quaking' leaves that tremble in the slightest breeze.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, alternate, nearly circular to ovate leaves, 1-3 inches long. They are dark green above and paler beneath, with finely serrated margins. The flattened petioles allow the leaves to flutter or 'quake'.
Bark Characteristics
Young bark is smooth, chalky white to greenish-white with horizontal black scars; however, as seen in the image, mature bark at the base of the trunk becomes thick, rough, and deeply furrowed with dark grey to black ridges.
Growing Information
Origin Region
North America; native from Alaska to Newfoundland and south to Mexico in high elevations
Growing Season
Leafs out in mid-to-late spring; produces catkins before leaves emerge; enters dormancy after a brilliant yellow fall display in October
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun is essential (shade intolerant); prefers moist, well-drained soils but is adaptable to various conditions; moderate drought tolerance once established.
Mature Size
Typically reaches 40-60 feet in height with a spread of 20-30 feet; growth rate is fast; typical lifespan is 50-70 years for individual stems (though root systems live much longer).
Special Characteristics
Spectacular golden-yellow fall color; intensive root-sprouting (colonial growth); leaves create a distinctive rustling sound; historically used for wood pulp and matches.
Wildlife & Ecology
Critical ecological value; provides browse for deer and elk; ruffed grouse eat the buds; beavers use the wood; several butterfly species use it as a host plant; provides nesting sites for cavity-nesting birds.