Southern Magnolia
Magnolia grandiflora · Evergreen broadleaf hardwood
Plant Family
Magnoliaceae
Tree Category
Ornamental and Shade Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Little Gem or standard species (compact multi-stemmed form shown)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 6 through 9
About This Tree
A medium to large evergreen tree with a dense, rounded or pyramidal crown. It features smooth grey bark, large leathery dark green leaves with rusty brown undersides, and striking, highly fragrant large white flowers.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, alternate, oblong to elliptic leaves, 5-8 inches long, thick and leathery with a shiny dark green upper surface and a distinctive fuzzy brownish-copper indumentum on the underside.
Bark Characteristics
Smooth to finely textured grey bark that remains relatively smooth even as the tree matures, sometimes developing small scales on older trunks.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Southeastern United States
Growing Season
Evergreen with new growth emerging in spring, large fragrant white flowers blooming from late spring through summer, and seed cones maturing in autumn
Sunlight & Water Needs
Prefers full sun to partial shade. Requires moderate and regular watering during establishment, exhibiting moderate drought tolerance once established, preferring moist, well-draining acidic soils.
Mature Size
Typically reaches 60 to 80 feet in height with a 30 to 50 feet spread, though multi-stemmed or dwarf cultivars remain smaller.
Special Characteristics
Notable for its magnificent, intensely fragrant large white flowers and glossy evergreen foliage. Highly resistant to ice damage and reasonably tolerant of urban pollution.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides dense year-round cover and nesting sites for birds. The large aggregate fruit produces red seeds consumed by songbirds, squirrels, and small mammals.