Littleleaf Linden
Tilia cordata · Deciduous Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Malvaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree / Street Tree / Ornamental
Variety / Cultivar
Standard species type (Tilia cordata)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 7, capable of adapting to varying continental and temperate climates.
About This Tree
Forms a dense, pyramidal to rounded or oval canopy with dark green foliage and a straight trunk. It has a moderate to medium growth rate and is prized for its symmetrical shape, dense shade, and heavily scented blossoms.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, alternate, heart-shaped (cordate) leaves measuring 2 to 3 inches long, with finely serrated margins, dark green upper surfaces, and paler undersides with distinct tufts of brown hair in the vein axils.
Bark Characteristics
Dark gray to brown bark, initially smooth on young trees, developing subtle longitudinal ridges and shallow furrows with flat-topped ridges as the tree matures.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to Europe, ranging from Britain through central Europe to the Caucasus and western Asia; widely planted in North America.
Growing Season
Leafs out in mid-spring, produces fragrant yellow-white flowers in early to mid-summer, develops small nutlets by late summer, and drops leaves in autumn after turning a soft yellow.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Thrives in full sun to partial shade. Prefers rich, moist, well-drained soils but exhibits moderate drought tolerance once established.
Mature Size
Typically reaches 50 to 70 feet in height with a spread of 30 to 40 feet, growing at a medium rate with a long lifespan.
Special Characteristics
Highly tolerant of urban pollution, compacted soils, and heavy pruning. Extremely fragrant flowers attract numerous pollinators, and the soft wood is easily carved.
Wildlife & Ecology
Exceptional value for pollinators, particularly honeybees, due to the nectar-rich flowers. The dense canopy also provides good nesting sites and shelter for songbirds.