Red Maple
Acer rubrum · Deciduous Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Sapindaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree / Ornamental
Variety / Cultivar
Wild type (non-cultivar)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 3 through 9.
About This Tree
A medium to large-sized tree known for its exceptional fall color. It typically has a rounded or oval crown with a moderate to fast growth rate. It is one of the most prolific and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, opposite arrangement, 2 to 4 inches long. Leaves usually have 3 to 5 shallow lobes with irregular serrated margins. Green above and often a silvery-white underneath. Petioles (leaf stalks) are frequently red.
Bark Characteristics
Young bark is smooth and light gray. As the tree matures, the bark becomes dark gray and develops long, fine scaly ridges that may peel upward at the ends.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Eastern and Central North America, spanning from Quebec to Florida and west to East Texas.
Growing Season
Buds swell and bloom in late winter/early spring (March-April). Leaf out follows flowering. Seeds ripen in spring. Dormancy begins after spectacular fall foliage color change in October/November.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun to partial shade. Prefers moist, slightly acidic soil but is highly adaptable to various soil types including wet 'swampy' areas and drier upland sites.
Mature Size
Height: 40-70 feet; Spread: 30-50 feet. Growth rate is medium to fast (approx. 2-3 feet per year). Lifespan typically 80-150 years.
Special Characteristics
Renowned for brilliant red, orange, or yellow fall foliage. Highly tolerant of various soil conditions and moderate salt/pollution. Often used in landscaping due to its vibrant seasonal colors and pleasing shape.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides early-season nectar for bees and pollinators. Seeds (samaras) are eaten by birds and small mammals such as squirrels. Leaves serve as a larval host for several moth species including the Rosy Maple Moth.
Notes
Culpeper, Va