Flowering Dogwood
Cornus florida · Deciduous Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Cornaceae
Tree Category
Ornamental Flowering Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Wild type species (Cornus florida)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 5 through 9.
About This Tree
A small, graceful deciduous understory tree with a low-branching, broadly rounded or flat-topped crown. Known for its spectacular spring floral displays, attractive layered branching pattern, and vibrant red-to-purple autumn foliage.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple leaves arranged oppositely along the stems, oval to elliptic in shape, 3 to 6 inches long, with smooth margins and distinctive curved parallel veins. They turn vibrant red and purple in the autumn.
Bark Characteristics
Grayish-brown bark that develops distinct blocky plates or alligator-like ridges with age, providing winter interest and aiding identification.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Eastern North America, ranging from southern Maine to Florida and west to Texas and Illinois.
Growing Season
Leafs out in mid-spring, produces showy white or pink bracts in spring, bears red drupes in late summer to autumn, and enters dormancy over winter. Best planted in early spring or autumn.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Thrives in partial shade to full sun, preferring morning sun and afternoon shade. Requires moderate, consistent moisture and well-draining, organic-rich soil. Does not tolerate severe drought well.
Mature Size
Reaches a mature height of 15 to 30 feet with a similar spread. Growth rate is moderate, and typical lifespan ranges from 40 to 80 years.
Special Characteristics
Exceptional ornamental value due to spring blossoms and brilliant fall color. Sensitive to environmental stress, canker diseases, and dogwood anthracnose in humid environments.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides important ecological value. The high-fat red drupes are consumed by numerous songbirds, wild turkeys, and small mammals. The foliage and twigs are browsed by deer, and it serves as a host plant for various moth caterpillars.