Flowering Dogwood
Cornus florida · Deciduous broadleaf hardwood
Plant Family
Cornaceae
Tree Category
Ornamental and flowering tree
Variety / Cultivar
Standard species type with characteristic opposite branching and arched venation
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 5 through 9, adapting well to temperate climates with moderate winters and warm summers
About This Tree
A small, gracefully spreading deciduous understory tree with a rounded or flat-topped crown, layered branching structure, and stunning seasonal displays of spring flowers, summer foliage, and vibrant autumn color
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, opposite leaves, ovate to elliptic in shape, 3 to 6 inches long, with smooth margins and distinctive arcuate venation where the lateral veins curve to follow the leaf margin
Bark Characteristics
Grayish-brown bark that develops a unique, blocky, alligator-hide texture as the tree matures, making it easily identifiable even in winter
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to eastern North America, from southern Maine south to northern Florida, and west to eastern Texas and Illinois
Growing Season
Leafs out in mid-spring, produces prominent showy white or pink bracts/flowers in April to May, develops bright red fruits in late summer to autumn, and enters dormancy over winter
Sunlight & Water Needs
Thrives in partial shade to full sun, preferring morning sun and afternoon shade; requires moderate, consistent moisture and well-draining acidic soil, with poor drought tolerance once established without supplemental water
Mature Size
Typically reaches 15 to 30 feet in height with an equal or greater spread, growing at a slow to moderate rate with a lifespan of around 80 years
Special Characteristics
Renowned for its striking four-part floral bracts, exceptional scarlet-red autumn foliage, and attractive blocky bark; moderately susceptible to dogwood anthracnose and powdery mildew
Wildlife & Ecology
Highly beneficial to local wildlife, providing high-lipid drupes favored by over 30 species of birds, deer, and small mammals, while acting as an important nectar source for pollinators and host plant for various caterpillars