Coast Redwood
Sequoia sempervirens · Evergreen, Coniferous, Softwood, Needleleaf
Plant Family
Cupressaceae
Tree Category
Forest Tree, Conifer, Ornamental, Timber Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Standard species (Wild Type)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 7–9; sensitive to hard freezes and low humidity/dry winds.
About This Tree
The world's tallest tree species, featuring a massive straight trunk with a narrowly conical or pyramidal crown that becomes more irregular and open with extreme age. It has a dense, lush appearance with slightly drooping branchlets.
Leaf Characteristics
Needle-like leaves, typically 1/2 to 1 inch long. They are flat, dark green on top with two white stomatal bands underneath, and arranged in two flat rows (distichous) on the branchlet.
Bark Characteristics
Thick, fibrous, and deeply furrowed. It is reddish-brown to cinnamon-brown in color, spongy to the touch, and contains high levels of tannin which provides fire and insect resistance.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to the Pacific coastal fog belt of North America (Southern Oregon to Central California)
Growing Season
Year-round growth in mild climates; most active in spring and summer. Does not enter total dormancy in its native range.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun to partial shade; requires high moisture and humidity. It is not drought-tolerant and benefits significantly from coastal fog drip.
Mature Size
Can reach 200–380 feet in height with a spread of 20–30 feet. Growth rate is fast (2-3 feet per year). Lifespan can exceed 2,000 years.
Special Characteristics
Highly resistant to fire, rot, and insects due to thick bark and high tannin content. Notable for its ability to sprout from stumps (burls). Highly valued for timber.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides critical habitat for endangered species like the Marbled Murrelet and Northern Spotted Owl. Canopy supports complex ecosystems of epiphytes, salamanders, and specialized insects.