Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus macrophylla · Evergreen Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Moraceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree / Ornamental
Variety / Cultivar
Standard species
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 9b - 11; sensitive to hard frost and cold temperatures below 25°F.
About This Tree
A massive, spreading evergreen tree known for its vast canopy and aggressive surface roots. It features a heavy trunk that often develops into buttresses. The crown is dense and rounded, providing deep shade.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, leathery, and elliptical-oblong leaves. Measuring 6-10 inches long, they are dark glossy green on top with a distinctive rusty-brown or puberulent underside. Arrangement is alternate.
Bark Characteristics
Smooth, light grey to brownish-grey bark that typically remains relatively smooth even with age, though it develops massive ridges and buttresses at the base.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to Eastern Australia (Queensland and New South Wales); commonly planted in Southern California and Mediterranean climates.
Growing Season
Year-round growth in tropical/subtropical climates; most active growth occurs during the warm, wet months. Semi-dormant in cooler winters.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun for best development; moderate water needs once established. It is drought tolerant but performs best in moist, well-drained soils.
Mature Size
Reaches heights of 60-150 feet with a massive spread often exceeding its height (100-200 feet). Growth rate is moderate to fast in ideal conditions.
Special Characteristics
Exceptional salt tolerance (coastal adapted) and high pollution tolerance. Known for distinctive small syconium (fig fruit) and massive root systems that can damage pavement and structures.
Wildlife & Ecology
Specifically pollinated by the Pleistodontes froggatti wasp. Provides significant habitat and food for fruit-eating birds and flying foxes (bats) which disperse its seeds.