Burning Bush
Euonymus alatus · Deciduous Shrub/Small Tree, Hardwood
Plant Family
Celastraceae
Tree Category
Ornamental Shrub, Hedge, Fall Foliage Specimen
Variety / Cultivar
'Compactus' is a very common compact cultivar, though the species can grow into a small tree form.
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 4 through 8, demonstrating high adaptability to varying temperate climates.
About This Tree
A dense, multi-stemmed deciduous shrub or small tree with a rounded, spreading habit. Often maintained as a large shrub but capable of growing into a small tree shape with distinctive corky ridges or 'wings' on the stems.
Leaf Characteristics
Simple, opposite leaves, elliptic to ovate in shape, 1 to 3 inches long, with finely serrated margins. Medium green in summer, turning a striking brilliant crimson-red in autumn.
Bark Characteristics
Grayish-brown bark on older stems, but famously characterized by unique, corky, winged ridges protruding along the younger twigs and branches.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to central and northern China, Japan, and Korea; widely naturalized in North America.
Growing Season
Leafs out in early spring with vibrant green foliage, flowers inconspicuously in late spring, produces red capsules in autumn, and displays brilliant fiery red fall color before dropping leaves for winter dormancy.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Thrives in full sun to partial shade for best fall color. Requires moderate watering during establishment but exhibits good drought tolerance once established.
Mature Size
Typically reaches 15 to 20 feet in height and width when grown as a small tree, with a moderate growth rate and a lifespan of 30 to 50 years.
Special Characteristics
Renowned for its exceptionally brilliant red fall foliage and unique corky winged stems. Highly adaptable to urban pollution and various soil types, though considered invasive in certain regions.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides dense cover and nesting sites for various songbirds. The small fruits are consumed by birds, which subsequently aid in seed dispersal.