White Oak
Quercus alba · Deciduous Broadleaf Hardwood
Plant Family
Fagaceae
Tree Category
Shade Tree / Forest Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Standard species (no specific named cultivar)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 9
About This Tree
A large, majestic deciduous tree with a broad, rounded crown, sturdy branching habit, and strong hardwood structure, featuring deeply furrowed light gray bark and valuable ecological properties.
Leaf Characteristics
Alternate, simple leaves with 7 to 9 rounded lobes, deep sinuses, smooth margins, 4 to 7 inches long, turning rich red to dark purple-brown in autumn.
Bark Characteristics
Light gray to whitish bark, deeply furrowed into vertical blocks and scaly ridges, becoming blocky and rugged with age.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Eastern and central North America
Growing Season
Leafs out in spring, flowers in mid-spring, drops acorns in autumn, enters winter dormancy
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun preferred, medium water needs once established, exhibits good drought tolerance.
Mature Size
Mature height of 50 to 80 feet, spread of 50 to 80 feet, slow to moderate growth rate, long lifespan of several centuries.
Special Characteristics
High-value timber, excellent fall color, strong wind resistance, highly durable wood historically used in shipbuilding.
Wildlife & Ecology
Acorns provide vital food for numerous mammals and birds, supports diverse insect species and pollinators, and serves as an important nesting habitat.