Coast Redwood
Sequoia sempervirens · Evergreen, Coniferous, Softwood
Plant Family
Cupressaceae
Tree Category
Forest Tree, Conifer, Shade Tree
Variety / Cultivar
Common species (no specific cultivar visible, though 'Aptos Blue' is a common nursery variety)
Hardiness Zones
7 to 9. Prefers mild winters and cool, humid summers.
About This Tree
The world's tallest tree species, featuring a massive, straight trunk and a narrow, conical to irregular crown. As it matures, it loses lower limbs, developing a cathedral-like canopy. It is characterized by horizontal to slightly drooping branches and an incredibly rapid growth rate in optimal conditions.
Leaf Characteristics
Needle-like and flat, 1/2 to 1 inch long. Arranged in two flat rows (distichous) on the branchlets, resembling a yew leaf. Color is dark green on top with two white stomatal bands underneath.
Bark Characteristics
Very thick, fibrous, and deeply furrowed. Reddish-brown in color, it is spongy to the touch and contains high amounts of tannin which provides exceptional fire and insect resistance.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Coastal regions of Northern California and Southwestern Oregon, United States; adapted to foggy, temperate coastal climates.
Growing Season
Year-round growth (Evergreen); pollination occurs in late winter; cones mature in late autumn of the first year; no true dormancy in mild climates.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun to partial shade. High water requirements; it thrives on moisture from fog drip and heavy rainfall. Low drought tolerance, especially when young.
Mature Size
Can reach 200–380 feet in the wild, typically 60–100 feet in urban landscapes. Spread of 15–30 feet. Lifespan can exceed 2,000 years.
Special Characteristics
Notable for extreme fire resistance due to thick bark and lack of resin. It is the only conifer that can sprout from stumps or burls (reproducive clonal growth). Highly valued for termite-resistant rot-proof timber.
Wildlife & Ecology
Provides critical habitat for endangered species like the Marbled Murrelet and Northern Spotted Owl. Provides cover for deer and elk; seeds are consumed by squirrels and various songbirds. High carbon sequestration capacity.